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ADHD Series
Perspectives on ADHD in children and adolescents as a social construct amidst rising prevalence of diagnosis and medication use
By Tobias Banaschewski, Alexander Häge, Sarah Hohmann, Konstantin Mechler
The diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based on the presence of pervasive, persistent symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity typically emerging early in life and resulting in significant functional impairment. In contrast to a worldwide epidemiological prevalence of approximately 5% in children and 2–3% in adults, there are significant variations in the prevalence of administrative ADHD diagnoses and medication use. We assert that in order to explore the underlying dynamics of this phenomenon, a thorough understanding of the construct ADHD is necessary. We contend that ADHD is not a natural entity that unfolds within an individual and can be understood independent from societal and environmental factors, but rather that ADHD as a diagnosis can better be conceptualized as a valid and pragmatically useful social construct. Decisions to diagnose and treat ADHD should follow a person-centered approach and be focused on functional impairment within a socially constructed, context-dependent and environmentally contingent model.
Did you know:
95% of students served by IDEA are enrolled in regular schools
Florida law will require K-12 schools to teach disability history
California Is Poised to Pass a 'Science of Reading' Law After a Long, Tense Debate
Student Well‑Being Report flags chronic absence among special ed students
Nebraska Keeps Special Ed Students in General Classrooms, With Promising Results
Maine Case Opens New Battleground for School Choice: The Right to Discriminate
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Shout Out to Last Week’s Winners Who Correctly Guessed, “Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)”: Emily Kavanagh, Joanna Blau, Bonnie Baldwin, Corinn Mildenberg, Ruby Brock, Karen Frantz-Fry, Joycelyn Cooper, Rowena Spetka, Maya Parry, Marisol Hernandez-Reyes, Jermeika Mattis-Marsh, Titus Jeffrey Arreola, Lauro III Esquilona, Carol Truett, Ellen Kay, Pamela Reed, Cheryl Blocher, Jenifer Lau, Tracey Christilles, Cindi Maurice, Kelly Jacobsen, Penny Leideker, Patsy Jo Ray
This Week's Question: What principle ensures that students with disabilities are educated as close to their home and peers as possible?
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A: Ask yourself: "What CAN this student do?" and "How can we build on that?"
Every challenge is a skill waiting to develop. Every behavior serves a purpose. Every student has strengths - our job is to find them and build on them!
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“Life shrinks or expands in proportion to one's courage”
-Anaïs Nin